What is the function of a CPU cache?

The function of a CPU cache is to store frequently accessed data for faster processing. The CPU cache is a small amount of very fast memory located within or very close to the CPU. Its purpose is to reduce the time it takes for the CPU to access data from the main memory (RAM). Since accessing data from RAM is significantly slower than accessing it from the cache, having a cache allows the CPU to retrieve necessary information much more quickly, improving overall performance.

When a program runs, it often requires the same data or instructions repetitively. The CPU cache stores these frequently used pieces of data closer to the processor, minimizing the delay that occurs when the CPU fetches them from the slower main memory. The cache operates in levels (L1, L2, and sometimes L3), with L1 being the smallest and fastest, providing the quickest access to the most immediately required data. Thus, the cache enhances the efficiency of the CPU, resulting in smoother and faster computing as it significantly reduces latency.

In contrast, options related to managing system memory, cooling the CPU, or increasing network speeds do not accurately describe the function of the CPU cache, which focuses solely on data access speed.