What is the main function of the central processing unit (CPU) in a computer?

The main function of the central processing unit (CPU) in a computer is to perform calculations and processing. The CPU is often referred to as the brain of the computer because it executes instructions from programs by performing arithmetic, logical, control, and input/output operations specified by the instructions.

When the CPU processes data, it takes input from various sources, such as memory or storage, carries out the necessary calculations, and produces output results that can be sent to devices like monitors or printers. This role is crucial for the performance and efficiency of the computer, as it directly influences how quickly and effectively tasks are completed.

While data storage, user interface management, and network management are important aspects of a computer's operation, they are handled by different components such as memory (for data storage), operating systems and application software (for user interface), and network interface cards (for network management). Hence, these functions support the CPU but do not define its primary purpose.